What is the starting and ending time of each salat? How is it calculated?

Q: When does the time for Fajr begin and when does it end?%0D%0AA: Begins at SUBHA SAADIQ (Early Dawn) and ends a little before SUNRISE.%0D%0A%0D%0AQ: When does the time for Zohr begin and when does it end?%0D%0AA: Begins after ZAWAAL ( Noon) and ends at the time that the shadow of any object becomes twice the length of the object plus the original shadow%0D%0Athat was there at MID-DAY (ZAWAAL).%0D%0A%0D%0AQ: When does the time for Asr begin and when does it end?%0D%0AA: It begins when Zohr time finishes and ends at a little before SUNSET. To delay the Asr Namaaz until the colour of the sun has turned PALE (yellow) is MAKROOH.%0D%0A%0D%0AQ: What is the time for Maghrib Namaaz?%0D%0AA: From after SUNSET up to the time the WHITENESS fades on the horizon.%0D%0A%0D%0AQ: When does Esha time begin?%0D%0AA: Esha time begins after the WHITENESS on the horizon disappears (about an hour and 15 minutes after sunset) and lasts up to a little before SUBHA SAADIQ (dawn). It is MUSTAHABB to read Esha Salaat before one third of the night has passed. It is MAKROOH to delay Esha Namaaz until after MIDNIGHT.%0D%0A%0D%0AThe times for each salah have been mentioned in ahadith, however modern methods are used to calculate them according to our timings. %0D%0A%0D%0AShafaq Ahmar means the redness on the horizon after sunset, while Shafaq abyad means the whiteness that remains after sunset.%0D%0A%0D%0AAnd Allah Ta'ala knows best%0D%0A%0D%0AMufti Ebrahim Desai